How Do Casinos Guard Against Unethical Behavior Essay

A casino is type of facility which homes and accommodates certain kinds of gambling actions. Casinos are most generally constructed, combined, or near with restaurants, cruise ships, retail shopping, hotels, or various other attractive tourist places. There is also much arguing over whether or not the economic and social effects of casino gambling outweigh the early income that may be generated. And also a casino that upholds any law consistently is working ethically. If the law is no mid shoe entry, then that law applies to everybody, and imposed on everybody. If that law is only applied to certain group of actors for the casinos personal gluttonous causes then of course that is termed as unethical. By the establishment of state legal action must be taken in opposition to these casinos for the right to not be distinguished in opposition to for using our minds to improve ourselves. And, a business should not be permitted to charge some clients more for the similar product as well, particularly right in front of the two clients at the table. Casinos have all rights to be as profitable as possible and achievable, but not by cheating the particular public. Casinos are faced with various unethical problems nowadays. â€Å"The International Casino Conference (ICC) was created in 2009 by the European Casino Association, in partnership with Clarion Gaming, as a strategic platform for ECA’s members, the European and International casino community to meet and discuss, in an intimate format, solutions to key challenges faced by the industry in Europe† (International Casino Conference (ICC), n. d). Representatives from the various industry divisions (casino, online, arcades, TV etc. , the one of the most brightest minds and most powerful casino executives, as well as strategy representatives, supervisors and gaming authorities meet jointly to talk about the long-term vision of the business, the expansions of the marketplace, the upcoming changes in policy and the most significant strategic and regulatory problems having an impact on the casino business sector in Europe. Casinos around the earth face a real challenge in consistently recognizing undesirables, banned persons and self-excluders. These security and regulatory driven needs must function fficiently, yet should incorporate seamlessly into existing processes of the business in a method that origins minimum disruption to other clientele, or the business itself. Failure to precisely recognize these target groups can have an important fiscal impact on a casino, creating the right solution is a key constituent of the security toolkit. Unethical practices always create lots of problems in all area of concerns. Proper measures must be taken to overcome all these unethical practices in the Casino industry to continue working in a good manner. Visimetrics specialize or concentrate in the design, expansion and produce of high-performance recording systems of digital video, storage space and organization systems for audio and video surveillance. As a well recognized and extremely appreciated supplier to the casino segment, Visimetrics recognized the demand of these casino sector’s for a solution that would precisely and consistently recognize banned people, self-excluders and even VIPs. After a widespread marketplace trials and research, Visimetrics partnered with various types of face identification expert, Omni Perception. Omni Perception’s tactful and world-leading approach to recognizing non-compliant subject matters in any lighting circumstances and in real time made it the perfect solution for this atmosphere. â€Å"Omni Perception’s live facial recognition solution was simple to install, easy to use and gave great results. All the staff at the casino was impressed by its ability to recognize subjects, even non-compliant ones, in the near-dark environment of the gaming floor. Visimetrics have been consistently impressed with the performance of Omni Perception in what was a very testing environment. (Case Study: Real-Time Facial Surveillance – Casinos, 2012). Addiction to gambling can be as great of a trouble as alcoholism or drug addiction The current increase in popularity and attractiveness of online gambling, casino gambling, and gambling to lift funds for charitable associations poses many ethical and social issues. Gambling and the accessibility of gambling chances in the community lift special troubles for someone stressed with the addiction. â€Å"The simulation involves running a complete business consisting of three types of casino – a basic gaming club, a more up market gaming club and a top of the market casino. Decisions cover marketing (customer incentives and promotion), finance (bank loans) and casino operations (resourcing and quality improvement). So, it is especially suited to help participants appreciate the general management of a complete business, its main functions, and how they interact† (The Challenge Series, 1999). Technology has facilitated law enforcement to react more rapidly to calls for all the service, make use of more superior non-lethal compliance utensils, and make use of the Internet to battle crime. The basis of ethical practices and performances is mainly based on the Fourth alteration of the Constitution that has been supplemented by the courts of the US delivering judgments that influence the use of various types of technology by law enforcement administrators and officers. Ethics is the capability to create a distinctive alternative among what is wrong and what is right. Officers of the Law enforcement make use of their discretion when the advantage of community outweighs the letter of the law. â€Å"When it comes to technology, there is no „technology ethics? just ethical situations that involve technology (Kallman & Grillo, 1993, p. 3). Technology allows unethical acts to be facilitated faster than before and can be more difficult to detect. Although most ethical values are learned throughout childhood, other ethical values are guided by laws and customs based on the ethical values that are reflected by society’s expectation of behavior† (Savannah, 2012). An officer of the law enforcement experiences disagreement when his/her individuals ethical approaches contradicts and are different with an existing rule or law. It is a sad fact that the workers of just about all businesses will infrequently encounter group members who are receiving part in unethical behaviors. Such unethical behaviors actions consist of a large diversity of different activities. Along with the most general unethical behaviors of the business of workers are creating long-distance calls on company lines, duplicating software for make use of at house, falsify the amount of hours worked, or much more grave and unlawful practices, such as embezzling cash from the business, or faking business records. Like most entertainment projects, casinos provide a work environment that is generally welcoming and fun to be around. So our partnerships with tribal leaders, local communities, architects and designers have dealt us a hand that even the sharpest of card sharks would hold on to† (Coast to Coast, 2008). Casinos have two common aims: enlarging the length of maintains for on-site visitors, and lengthening the appeal with the intention of enlarges the potential marketplace. Many casinos suggest complimentary services and commodities known as â€Å"comps†. Comps can consist of objects for example caps, buffet, and T-shirts for the low-end group of actors, up to dinners, transportation, and hotel accommodation for the higher-end group of actors. The area recognized as the casino cage functions as the fiscal center of the process. It maintains an accountability of the chips, tokens, and cash that are used in order to fund the casino’s operations. Business ethics are ethical values and codes that determine conduct in the company world. It denotes to commercial actions, either with other business homes or with a single consumer. They can be applied to every facet of company; from generation of a thought to its sale. Businesses make use of the community for its functioning and resources, thereby obliging it to the wellbeing of the society. While the aim of any company is to create profits, it must contribute to the interest and wellbeing of the community by guaranteeing fair practices. On the other hand, gluttony has led the present company scenario in the directions of unethical practices of the business, lawful complications and common mistrust. The financial division is abuzz with acts of infringement of norms to accumulate riches in an unethical manner. Following are some of the actions that come in the ambit of unethical practice. * â€Å"Resorting to dishonesty, trickery or deception. * Distortion of facts to mislead or confuse. * Manipulating people emotionally by exploiting their vulnerabilities. * Greed to amass excessive profit. * Creation of false documents to show increased profits. * Avoiding penalty or compensation for unlawful act. * Lack of transparency and resistance to investigation. Harming the environment by exceeding the government prescribed norms for pollution. * Invasion of privacy used as leverage, for obtaining personal or professional gains. * Sexual discrimination† (Ethical and Unethical Business Practices, 2000). Speaking to unethical practices and behavior is necessary to maintain an ethical atmosphere in an organization. Integration of ethical customs and conduct into every levels of the business can be done in the following methods. * Codes of business ethics must be formulated so that workers are conscious of the organization’s anticipations concerning ethical conduct and norms. An appeal procedure should be in place so that any unethical performances can be brought into light. * Seminars on company ethics must be conducted for workers. This will assist them in understanding the significance of ethical work customs. * Compliance officers should be appointed to stay a check on deception, bribery, and abuse in the company. * To encourage ethical actions, performance organization schemes of the organization should be modified to integrate ethical actions as a parameter for assessment and rewards. Business houses that obey with ethics to decide their carry out are shrinking in number. The lack of company ethics in the marketplace is a big cause to worry. Organizations now identify the positive results and effects of being ethical, considerate and humane. They have a competitive border in the marketplace, for the reason that of the honesty they demonstrate in their services. Their ethically upright reputation gives attention on better employees and assists in retention. Although ethics are lawfully binding in the majority cases, self- examining, clearness and answerability will go a long way in establishing belief of the citizens. In addition this, it creates sense to modify, previous to you are penalized. â€Å"Some unethical acts can also be illegal. For example, an employee who has access to a company’s financial records, such as a bookkeeper or accountant, could use her access and expertise to embezzle company funds. An employee having access to personnel files, such as a human resources representative, could commit identity theft and use employees’ Social Security numbers to raid bank accounts or fraudulently obtain credit cards† (Joseph, 2012).

Behavioral Genetics Essay

When I’ve learned about Behavioral Genetics in Chapter 8, the first thing that came across my mind was the fantasy of having a twin. It’s crazy but it occupied my mind for quite some time. What if I had a twin? Would she be like me? I’ve always believed that identical twins share the same qualities and traits. So I surfed the net and came across Minnesota Twin Family Study (MTFS). Conducted at the University of Minnesota by competent researchers, it is by far the largest twin study in the US. One particular case of the MTFS caught my attention: ‘The Jim Twins Study’.  The twins were separated four weeks after birth to different adoptive parents who live 45 miles apart. Reunited 39 years later, the twins (both named Jim) find uncanny similarities. This incident, among many others, supports the theories of Behavioral Genetics. It couldn’t have been mere coincidence that the twins married twice, left love notes to their wives, and even suffered from migraine. Because they were raised in different adoptive families, it couldn’t have been the environment that shaped the Jim twins to have the same preferences and behavior, even ailments! Time magazine cites that in a study of 44 twins reared apart, â€Å"a high of 61% of what they call ‘social potency’ (a tendency toward leadership or dominance) is inherited† (Leo & Taylor, 1987). The biological aspect of the Jim twins’ personality has played a great part in the development of these resemblances. If I had a twin separated from me at birth, I’d like to think that she is compassionate and enjoys music and golf as well as I do. It’s in the genes, as they say. However, as much as I believe on Behavioral Genetics, I must also note that the environment also plays a central role in the development of personality. With regards to my own, it is a blend of nature and nurture. I want to be a nurse since I was a kid because I want to help people. I always thought it’s innate in me†¦that compassion for other people. But later on as I learned things in Psychology, it made me realize that it could have also been the environment I’m living in. I remember my mom taking in three extra homeless people into our household during the economy spiraled down. I am surrounded by loving and compassionate people. Another would be my love for golf and technology. My father does too, and I think he must have influenced me unconsciously to develop these preferences. Now I understand that yes, it might be the genes but likewise, it is the things that I see and observe in my everyday experiences that made the desire to help people a trait in me. Both nature and nurture have been working in me. I believe personality in general is a mix of both genes and environment. Meanwhile, there is this one particular line from Chapter 11 that I need to quote. It goes, â€Å"A joke is not funny when the forbidden impulse it disguises is not shared, or the disguise is insufficient. It is written technically but gives me a learning I will remember. Sometimes, when we joke about things, we have to make sure that the forbidden impulse must be known and shared by the listener because we might end up either sounding a loser or hurting the person concerned. I must also point out one last thing about the controversial Sigmund Freud. Sir Freud, as I’ve known him through researches and from the discussion in class, should be given due credit for his accomplishments in the field of Psychology. His theories may be controversial but there is no denying that these same thoughts helped shape, in one way or another, modern Psychology. We also have to understand that the controversy behind his sexually-oriented theories can be justified because the psychological problems of his time (early 20th century) mostly had association to sexuality. From what I’ve learned, apparently most patients who came to him had marital problems of infidelity and sex life. His encounters with these patients perhaps helped shape his theories. It would be very unfair to refer to him as an ‘ancient history well forgotten’. In fact, I find it surprisingly interesting to read about his theories that contradict some things I believe in because it opens me up to possibilities and good learning. I even think that the idea of using Freud’s theories and techniques in present day will be much useful and less controversial if there is more emphasis on the human personality rather than sexuality. The techniques of psychoanalysis, concepts of ego & id, and life & death drives, among many others are major contributions in the field of Psychology and no matter the controversies and all, we all should be thankful for Sir Freud.

Billboard Hot Country Songs number-one singles Essay Example for Free

Billboard Hot Country Songs number-one singles Essay Hello my name is Chassidy Mitchem I would absolutely love to be a part of your cosmetology program. I love to do hair and, make up. Doing hair is something I enjoy doing in my free time. It’s a way to get away from people and let my mind explore into better things. I enjoy looking and trying new hair styles and colors. I have done makeup and hair for Homecoming court and Grand March. It would be an absolute dream to get into this school and have some hands on time with the things I love doing while learning more about Cosmetology. Cosmetology is very important to the world because someone will always want their hair done or make up done. Most people only want to go to a professional so they know they will be getting the best of their money. You could also be able to set up your own business around your area. I differ from a lot of my peers because no one really understands the importance of Cosmetology the way I do. Everyone thinks it useless. Cosmetology is just as important as other jobs because someone will always need you. There will always be someone needing their eye brows done or maybe there nails especially during homecoming and prom or even a wedding. I’ve talked to a couple people and got some really interesting opinions. Some people has told me I wouldn’t make it and some people has told me I would, but my motto is â€Å"Never give up, because you never know how close you are to fulfilling your dream.† I plan on getting this degree and opening my own salon and I feel that it will give me knowledge I need to know for success. I learned to do this at a young age and I feel very strong about this career. I believe this will be the field I dedicate myself to. I hope to be attending this college at whatever time the school year would begin Billboard Hot Country Songs number-one singles. (2016, May 06).

Equal Opportunities versus Managing Diversity Essay

Equal Opportunities versus Managing Diversity - Essay Example In the rapidly growing world, when legal aspects of such facets in organizations are highly managed, it becomes even more important to ensure that diversity and equal opportunity are maintained. The paper is aimed at discussing of two elements in which equal opportunity and managing diversity are evaluated, and a comparison is given as to what is more important and why. The theme of the paper is to evaluate two elements against each other and build a case as to what is and what should be more important for organizations. Equal Opportunity Equal opportunity relates to fair treatment of groups of employees in order to ensure that there is no discrimination. Various categories or groups of employees against which discrimination can be implied include gender, race, ethnicity, class, age, disability, previous offenses and arrests and even sexual orientation. This discrimination may be direct or it may be indirect as well. To illustrate, discrimination against race in the direct sense woul d be when one set of people are treated unfavorably against others. Indirect discrimination would be when a particular group of people is treated unequally by promoting equal rights to all other groups of people, for example bans on different types of clothing for a particular group of people. ... ote that concerns for equal opportunity are at all stages of employment, from hiring to transfers to training and from promotions, benefits, perks, procedural actions, like grievance handling and disciplinary actions, as well as dismissal. In each scenario, it is important that discrimination is avoided within the organization as it affects productivity and efficiency within the organization (Braham et al., 1981). It is worth noting that there are various areas in which discrimination is a regular feature. For example, studies indicate that on an average, a woman earns relatively less in terms of salary and benefits in comparison to a man. This is primarily because of segregation in choosing a woman for a job, stating that there are various other benefits assigned to a female like maternity leaves, etc (Smith, 1979; Vickers, 1991). In addition, women are considered mainly for temporary or part-time jobs while high end jobs are discriminated against and preference is given to the male counterpart (Gilory, 1993). Several researchers indicate typical conditions for women that are considered to be unskilled labor, services, little overtime, more vacation days and days-off, part-time work etc. This is generally considered as to how women work in organizations. Typically, other discriminatory factors are aimed at race and ethnicity, for example people from the thirdworld countries are typically blue-collar workers, are less skilled and can be given less payment to work more hours (Sloan &Siebert, 1980). Various researchers have conducted studies where it has been revealed that racial and ethnic minorities are discriminated against, where unemployment, particularly long-term, is high, because they are considered as less skilled or qualified and, as a result, this

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Case study - Essay Example Acquisition or alliance is a kind of strategy where a company purchases ownership stakes of another company in order to capture a particular target market. These strategies are also considered as among the pertinent growth strategies of companies in today’s business environment (Sherman, 2010). Many of the companies have come up with such strategies in the recent years. The latest company that has incorporated this strategy is Facebook. The company acquired the stakes of Instagram. It is the company that provides online services such as photo sharing as well as social networking for the users. The company has more than 30 million users worldwide with a total valuation of the firm of around US$20 million. Facebook, a social media giant offered a price of US$1 billion to purchase the stakes of the company. This acquisition will enhance the position of Facebook in front of its competitors, as through the assistance of it the company can provide finest photo sharing experience to its users all around the globe. This is also considered as among the key growth strategies of Facebook (Wharton, 2012; Kosner, 2012; BBC, 2012). This essay will analyse the entire case about the acquisition approach of Facebook and discuss the various threats and opportunities for the company. Furthermore, the essay will also analyse the methods of strategic development and evaluate the ones that will be applicable in Facebook’s acquisition of Instagram. In the later part of the essay, TOWS matrix will be used to analyse the strategic decisions of Facebook and Instagram regarding the acquisition. Strategic Opportunities and Threats of Facebook It can be observed from the analysis of the case study that Facebook will have certain opportunities as well threats as a result of its approach of acquisition of Instagram. There are certain potential benefits for the company. Opportunities It has been determined that owing to the acquisition of Instagram Facebook will strengthen its p osition in front of its major rivals in the market. Acquisition of Instagram will benefit Facebook users quite considerably. Facebook always intended to provide best photo sharing experiences to the customers or users. In this regard, the acquisition will enable the company to accomplish the aforesaid goal as Instagram is capable of delivering best photo sharing experiences for the users. In addition, the applications provided by Instagram will facilitate users of Facebook to leverage instant filters facility, which will be quite unique. This is also among the major opportunities for Facebook. Furthermore, it has been learnt that pictures and images taken from mobile devices appear to be blurred and ordinary. This aspect of photo viewing experience will be completely changed with the inception of the alliance of Facebook with Instagram as the later will enhance the quality of pictures captured and they can also be easily shared. Moreover, pictures taken with the help of cell phones cannot be processed before uploading them to Facebook, but with the help of

Workplacement Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Workplacement - Research Paper Example This phase is seen as the initial step towards career development (Billett, 2009). Considering the fact that work placements provide an avenue for the learners' to get a sense of what they will be facing in the future absent the threat of dismissal or unemployment and with the added incentive of learning for education's sake, work placements appear to be mechanisms aimed at ascertaining the well-being of the students (Neill and Mulholland, 2003). 1.b. Aims of the Report This report aims to: illustrate how students who undertake work placements perform under a setting wherein they are able to put theory into practice show how work placement is able to provide the students with a sense of awareness of the existent culture in their chosen field provide the readers with a glimpse as to how work placement may be considered as a preliminary step in entering the world of work; and, discuss work placement from the point of view of a student undertaking such with concrete and in-depth views o n the matter as to its perceived benefits and possible detriments. 2.a. Researching the Report / The Evidence Base Researching the report has been a challenging task. A lot of works have been written about work placement and there have been several opinions available through the internet. Prior to my engagement, I have done research and read on work placement. I wanted to prepare myself as to what to expect during the conduct of the work placement and what I should bring in order to become an asset to the organization that I will become a part of. Garavan, Hogan and Cahir-O’Donnell (2003) considered learning as a process brought about by the development of a series of actions and events. That is, learning is not to be confused or considered as an outcome of these... Researching the report has been a challenging task. A lot of works have been written about work placement and there have been several opinions available through the internet. Prior to my engagement, I have done research and read on work placement. I wanted to prepare myself as to what to expect during the conduct of the work placement and what I should bring in order to become an asset to the organization that I will become a part of. Garavan, Hogan, and Cahir-O’Donnell (2003) considered learning as a process brought about by the development of a series of actions and events. That is, learning is not to be confused or considered as an outcome of these developments (Garavan, Hogan and Cahir-O’Donnell, 2003). Furthermore, Garavan, Hogan, and Cahir-O’Donnell (2003) maintained that as a process, learning encompasses the following principles: ï‚ § that learning is not just about knowledge as it also about values, beliefs, insights, attitudes, habits, feeling, shared awareness, shared understandings, and skills; ï‚ § that learning outcomes should not be construed as a singular momentous event but rather as an incremental and gradual transformation; ï‚ § that learning as a process is a struggle which necessarily entails conflicts often concerning aims and outcomes; ï‚ § that learning is essentially individual but may likewise be collective in instances where the experience is shared; ï‚ § that there is no singular pattern or behavior in learning; ï‚ § that in order to learn, skills such as questioning, listening, challenging and enquiring are necessary;

Introduction to Terrorism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Introduction to Terrorism - Research Paper Example The question then becomes what constitutes the best means of fighting terrorism. This essay considers the recruitment and financing of operatives by Al Qaeda and argues that the pivotal element in stopping terrorism is to follow the financing. Recruitment can be argued to represent the backbone of Al Qaeda operations. In considering recruitment processes, it’s argued that Al Qaeda recruits are not simply restricted to a regional area, but are rather united through the Muslim struggle against Western dominance. It follows that recruitment practices span the globe. Indeed, Blake states, â€Å"Pennsylvania professor Marc Sageman discovered 70 percent of terrorists were recruited outside their native country† (Blake, pg. 9). Within this spectrum of understanding, there are a number of elements implemented as means of recruiting displaced individuals. Among these elements indicate that training camps within Afghanistan and Pakistan represent crucial areas where individuals c an become involved with Al Qaeda operations. ... It is no surprise then that in fighting terrorism, it is critical to track and stop this flow of money. Funding to Al Qaeda comes from a variety of sources. Among these include, â€Å"charitable donations, businesses, and just about any illegal activity such as drug, weapon and immigrant trafficking, counterfeiting, forgery, kidnapping, etc† (Ward, pg. 17). Some of the major such income sources include Saudi charities. David Farley (2003) argues that if these sources could be shutdown Al Qaeda operations would suffer perhaps a critical blow. Bin Laden’s connections to wealthy contacts constituted a highly important element in procuring a large amount of this funding. While these charitable donations are given for a variety of reasons, the primary reason seems to be a religious affiliation with the political aims of the Al Qaeda terrorist effort. In addition to charitable donations, Al Qaeda business interests constitute other important elements of financing. In these re gards, investments in a variety of sources functions as important avenues of income. Like the mafia, Al Qaeda business operations function through fronts that operate for the nefarious terrorist purposes underneath. For instance, Bin Laden was able to generate income through secretly selling freight ships for a period. Within all of these operations the laundering and movement of funding to different organizational elements also constitute essential elements of the terrorist organizations operations. It’s clear that funding constitutes a major element of Al Qaeda operations. In conclusion, while it may be possible to eliminate leaders in the terrorist movement, or shutdown training facilities, the essential element in limiting terrorism is through tracing the funding that Al Qaeda

Corporate Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Corporate Strategy - Essay Example nd names and private label brands under the Next name, including a variety of menswear, womenswear, child-focused clothing and accessories, and limited houseware products. Next has captured the attention of its target market, which is generally the 18 to 40 year old markets, by providing moderately-priced, contemporary clothing and accessory products that are comparable to the higher quality and higher priced merchandise offered by many High Street stores in the United Kingdom. Next has, since 1999, focused strongly on its online sales division, NextDirect, which recently provided the business 44 percent of its total operating revenues (Next Plc 2012). The business is strategically positioned in terms of service quality excellence, which is supported by considerable capital investments into improving convenience and the home delivery service processes (Next Plc 2012). The business utilises a focused low-cost strategy which allows the organisation to dedicate its service and product-c entric resources to specific markets drawn to the trendy and fashionable merchandise offerings that cater to the younger, contemporary target markets. In a hyper-competitive retail environment, Next is able to outperform even High Street stores and long-standing retailer brands, such as Marks and Spencer, by effectively meeting the needs of a narrower market segment. Many of Next’s competitors, which include Zara, Marks and Spencer, Debenhams, New Look and Matalan (to name only a few), operate in highly competitive retail environments and seek to utilise broad differentiation strategies to create an effective market position in the minds of desired target consumers. The difficulty that many competitors face in this differentiation strategy is that many marketing tactics under this strategy are easy to replicate, with product quality and pricing no longer being viable methods of differentiation (Bennet and Rundle-Thiele 2004; Nandan 2005). However, many of these competitors cater to

Obesity in United States of America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Obesity in United States of America - Essay Example Obesity may be caused by several factors, which may vary from one victim to another, the causes can be either genetic or be because of life style of a given individual. On the genetic part, hereditary of the obese characteristics from one individual to another both related by blood is not a very common cause of obesity. The result of this gene relation that leads to weight gain has an adverse relation to the environment of an individual. The surrounding of an individual determines the kind of food and the levels of body exercise that they engage in. The early life of an individual plays a greater role on their body weight depending on how they are brought up diet wise. Prenatal and postnatal care is of great importance because the developmental stages are determined. For instance, a smoking mother or a mother that possess overweight characteristics is likely to give birth to a child that is at a risk of acquiring obese characteristics at adulthood age. If excess weight is gained during infancy, the child subjected to the risk of developing adulthood obesity (Bray). Food is a greater determinant of body weight. Foods that are of refined grains and red meat highly cause obesity when consumed in uncontrolled rates (Bray). Unhealthy fats and sugary drinks fall under the category of foods that are likely to affect the normal body weight. Whole grain, fruits and vegetables are a good diet for weight control. When consumed, they play an important role in the body and do help prevent chronic diseases.

Reasons to Quit Smoking Cigarettes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reasons to Quit Smoking Cigarettes - Essay Example Smoking cigarettes is a vice that introduces harmful substances into the body. Thousands of people die day globally on a daily basis because of the hazardous effects of smoking a feature that validates that smoking is a harmful act. Smoking poses a number of health risks to both the smoker and non-smokers around those who smoke. Smoking is, therefore, an unsafe practice and a leading cause of preventable deaths as the discussion below portrays. Â  Smoking is a form of introducing foreign participles into the body. Introducing particles in such sensitive organs of the body as the lungs are a dangerous process given the difficulty in cleaning and reversing the effects of such particles. Smoking cigarettes contribute to the development of more than fifty health complications in the body. Some of such conditions are always fatal while others are irreversible and long-term damages in some of the most vital internal and external organs. Medical researchers have for example proven that Smoking increases the chances of lung cancer by more than 90%. The introduction of the foreign particles is likely to enhance the growth of cancerous cells. Besides causing lung cancer, doctors attribute smoking to the development of cancer in several other body parts including the lips, throat, kidney, bladder, pancreas, and stomach among others (Crawford 71). Â  Numerous people have given various reasons for justifying smoking, especially among young people. Among such reasons is the claim that smoking enhances acceptance among peers. Some people have given a number of medical excuses explaining that smoking helps relieve stress.

Stress Essay Example for Free

Stress Essay In closing, Stress is a very serious matter that shouldn’t be taken lightly. As stated there’s many consequences that can follow a life full of stress, being life damage, failure, and even death. On the other hand there’s ways to manage and a get threw stress periods, also being talking to others concerning this problem. Stress is common things in the everyday life of are citizens no matter the race, age, nor place of origin. It’s a serious matter that should be taken seriously by all and handled at its highest level. Live life as you want to and never let anything stop you from being who you want to be. Stress is never worth losing your life over and will never equal to the joy in life that makes life so much worth living. Situations requiring change or a response is reacted by the bodys action stress. Stress can be positive or negative. How stress is handled is called Fight or Flight. Stress can be positive by keeping one positive and ready to avoid danger. Positive stress can be good by motivating one to take that extra step or to get it over with. Negative stress is when challenges keep coming one after the other without any sort of relaxation inbetween. Feeling overworked can lead to feeling distressed. Launching into overdrive in every situation really makes an impact on the body. Stress affects the emotions, behavior, and physical health in so many ways. Stress affects the emotions where all of a sudden everything feels overwhelming, tense, and on edge. Stress can make people feel irritable and aggravated easily. Emotional stress is almost always self created. Thinking about the situation and just that situation can put strain on the nerves and brain. Other emotional symptoms of stress can be followed by impatience, lonlieness, short temper, restlessness, and moodiness. Theres always the saying dont stress yourself to death. Stress affects the behavior of a person and there actions. Someone may try and block out what is emotionally stressing them by over shopping, over working, or over exercising. Being stressed may cause someone to eat more or less, or lose or gain weight. Using alcohol, ciggarettes or drugs to release whats making you nervous instead of doing something healthy is a behavioral issue. Someone being stressed out from being in constant over drive may start neglecting responsibilites. The emotional systems of feeling irritable and on edge affects the behavior by overreacting on small situations and picking Modern life is fast paced and competitive. Ambition is thebuzzword and everyone is looking for success, money, fame and glory. Today one burns the candle at both ends to live a successful life and it results into severe stress. Stress may be defined as an anxiety syndrome due to work pressure. It also caused due to emotional, physical or mental tensions. The Fear of Failure or being left behind leads to ahectic pace of life which is detrimental to one’s physical health. The lure of money and fame also makes one work beyond one’s capacity leading to strain and stress. Modern life is pretty mechanical, it leads to lack of exercise which aggravates stress. Couch potato lifestyle or being confined to a chair leads to obesity and stress. The hectic lifestyle leads to imbalanced diets, wrong food habits and endless cups of caffeine or aerated drinks makes one more prone to stress. This in turn leads to ailments like high blood pressure, diabetes, heart problems etc. Stress can be overcome with discipline, yoga and meditation. A proper diet clubbed with regular exercise is needed to minimize the element of stress. As a result, we can conclude that we should put stress in an important position in our lives. It should be in a reasonable and a modest level. Therefore, we can be more aware of the events, the things and the people around us. Without stress, the easiness within our lives would be boring. We can not maintain easy goingness all the time. The life wouldn’t be exciting without it. The controversy of this story comes both from the religious aspect and the feminism aspects. It is commonly believed that the story is very stereotypical of the gender differences and goes against feminist perspectives. This is by far the most accepted criticism of the story however some people have a completely opposed view; although usually it is men who disagree with this. At this point I want to make an observation Christianity has incorporated Midsummer into the calendar, observing the feast day of St John the Baptist on June 24. Its thought that this is because Summer Solstice was a celebration of victory of sun and light on the longest day of the year over darkness and death. Its also the alleged date of St Johns death. Interestingly it is directly opposite the feast day of the birth of Christ. St John baptized Jesus and proclaimed him The Saviour, so this particular day is supposed to point to Jesus triumph over death). Summer Solstice is also called Litha or St. Johns Day, and in Pagan times it was an important religious event. Tribes would gather to celebrate the longest day of the year. Whole communities would participate in the celebration, paying homage to nature and the planets. Mother Earth was commemorated as The Goddess, while The God was represented as the Sun King. The festivities were filled with colour yellow for the harvest, green representing nature and blue for the sky. Some of the rituals that took place during Summer Solstice are kept alive today by modern Pagan faiths.

Analysis of Computerisation at Pizza Hut Essay Example for Free

Analysis of Computerisation at Pizza Hut Essay In the economics of industrial society, the purpose of the computerization of the workplace is to replace labor with machines, thereby reducing the unit cost of production while increasing both productivity and efficiency. Instead of hiring twenty workers to accomplish one task, an employer can simply buy one machine to do the same task faster and more efficiently; less resources are invested while much more output is generated. In general theory, the introduction of technology into the workplace spurs economic growth and prosperity, resulting in the creation of more and better jobs, higher wages and an increased standard of living. However, when looking at specific data and analysis, it becomes apparent that each level of worker is distinctly affected by the computerization of the workplace. Pizza Hut Pizza Hut is one of the flagship brands of Yum! Restaurant Int. which also has subsidiary businesses and famous brands like KFC, Taco Bell, AW and Long John Silver’s under one brand umbrella. It is the world’s largest pizza chain more than 13,000 restaurants across 97 countries. Pizza Hut increases his operations in last five years. In India, Pizza Hut has 143 restaurants across 34 cities, including Delhi, Mumbai, Banglore, Chennai, Kolkata, Pune and Hyderabad. Great taste and quality, variety of pizzas and trademark dining experience have made it possible for the company to for double-digit growth and scale up its presence to its current size. With a 27 per cent market share of the eating-out market and over 70,000 footfalls per day across the country Pizza Hut started its business from India in 1996, and opened its first restaurant in Bangalore. Pizza Hut maintained significant growth and acquires a maximum share of pizza market and sustained growth rate of above 40 per cent per annum. Pizza Hut operates through 95 outlets across 24 cities in India which gave employment nearly 5000 people by the end of 2009. When entering the delivery-segment of the pizza industry, Pizza Hut opted to use a computerized Customer Answering Service that would field all the calls from a particular area and then electronically send orders to the closest delivery-only units. Thus customers would only have to call one number and not have to talk to individual delivery unit managers. Pizza Hut believed that this system would reduce the costs needed for maintaining separate workers who would answer the phone at each unit. However, this system had several problems in its initial installation such as orders being mixed up and other inefficiencies. As a result, Pizza Huts reputation was damaged as consumers lost patience and faith in the company; this allowed Dominos, Pizza Huts main competitor to increase its market share.

Benefits of Sport for Physically Disabled

Benefits of Sport for Physically Disabled Introduction This report investigates the significant benefits of recreation for people with physical disabilities. Two beneficial activities will be suggested. It will examine the contemporary issues associated with the group regarding participation in sport. Moreover outline the barriers to participation for people with physical disabilities and how these may be overcome. There are many barriers that can affect participation in sport. These can be intrinsic factors such as fear and anxiety. This could be based on low acceptance and expectations of performance. The individual may be influenced by the idea of being judged. Extrinsic factors can also be an issue; these can include the cost of attendance for the activities or venues. Public Transport may not be adequate or cost effective. Unqualified or inexperienced instructors can limit the experience for the individual therefore limit the desire for the individual to attend recreation activities. (Donald 2014) The National Disability Authority of Ireland (NDA) carried out a study on the importance of recreation, fitness and sport among people with disabilities. The purpose was to discuss their personal experiences whether good or bad and if they experienced any barriers for participation. This was an ideal way of getting first hand information which gave way for suggestions and preferences regarding participation. The findings from the study were startling due to the barriers and over all experience of recreation for the participants. (Murphy Carbone 2008). There was a variety of participants within different age groups, circumstance, disabilities and experiences in physical activities. Although the participants had good and bad experiences they stressed the importance of participation in recreation, sports and leisure and recommended proposals to overcome barriers. (Murphy Carbone 2008). Barriers to participation in Ireland In responsive to the survey, the Barriers that people experienced to participation in Ireland were the lack of information about the importance of fitness. There is insufficient transport for people especially in rural areas. Inadequate facilities within the community i.e. play grounds. Unpleasant experiences in schools and low expectations from teachers and peers were deemed critical. There is a lack of experienced facilitators, coaching and sponsorship within the community. Furthermore there is a lack of physical sports for people with disabilities in the media and poor PE provisions in schools were also substantial factors. (Murphy Carbone 2008). To overcome barriers to participation The factors that emerged through the survey for the fundamental participation and momentous quality experience of people with disabilities were outlined as follows: Improving facilities within the community such as playground elements so all persons can thoroughly enjoy. Ensure equality is addressed by increasing regulations through clear targets provision of services and information about the importance of exercise. Train teachers/educators and coaches with inclusive activities for all capabilities and put more recourses into service development. To improve PE experiences in schools by adaptation and more enjoyable physical activities from an early age. (nda 2014 Chapter 3). Kosma (2005) suggested that only 12% of people with physical disabilities partake regularly in physical activities. These barriers are significantly adding to the draw back on involvement with sports within the community for this cohort. (Kosma, 2005) In contrast to Kosmas research, Ward (2003) conducted a study on people with physical disabilities in the East of Ireland in relation to their viewpoint on activities within day centres. The purpose of the study was to identify the effectiveness of activities within the centres. It comes at no surprise to establish that the primary reason for attending day centres are for social and recreation. Out of 105 participants, 67.3% suggested that they attend day centres for social and recreational purposes. 19% suggested education purposes, 6.4% suggested respite care, 5.8% suggested they attend the centres to increase or maintain their mobility and 1.3% suggested that they attend to increase independence. (Ward, 2003) Importance of recreation for people with physical disabilities There are significant benefits for the participation in sport, recreation and leisure. These are based on health, fitness, participation within the community, independence and good sense of self while fundamentally enhancing quality of life, (Shank, Coyle, Boyd Kinney 1996). Schalock (1990) as cited in Eath Walls (2010) defined quality of life as â€Å"the outcome of individuals meeting basic needs and fulfilling basic responsibilities in community settings (family recreational, school and work). Individuals who are able to meet needs and fulfil responsibilities in ways satisfactory to themselves and to significant others in community settings experience a high quality of life in those settings†. (D’Eath Walls 2010 paper 6). Murphy Carbone (2008) outlined that children with disabilities are more inclined to be at risk of obesity than the general population. This risk is associated with the lack of exercise due to internal or external challenges. These challenges may be, not believe in ones own ability or others not believing in ones own ability which hinders motivation. The outcome of lack of participation in recreation can lead to a greater risk of health conditions over their life span. The connection of enduring health complications and immobility are feelings of decreased self-esteem and social acceptance and in turn can develop social exclusion and dependence. To support this occurrence, Article 31 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, recognises the right of the child to rest and leisure, to engage in play and recreational activities appropriate to the age of the child and to participate freely in cultural life and the arts. (NDA, 2005) The Irish National Childrens Strategy (2001) states that children will have access to play, sport, recreation and cultural activities to enrich their experience of childhood and that children with a disability will be entitled to the service they need to achieve their full potential. (NDA, 2005) Disabilities can range from mild, moderate, severe to profound, what ever the variability it is crucial for the individual or group to be given the opportunity to participate in recreation, Sports and leisure as it can give them a sense of belongingness. Sense of belonging can create the feeling of being part of a team, sense of achievement and social inclusion. Belonging is in the middle of Maslows (1968) hierarch of needs and is deemed more important than self-esteem and self-actualisation. (Baumeister Leary 1995), Exercise is key to good health and overall wellbeing. Rimmer et al, (2010) p. 250 defined â€Å"exercise â€Å"as â€Å"planned, structured, repetitive, and purposive in the sense that the improvement or maintenance of one or more components of physical fitness is the objective.† Art and drama stimulates thinking and through this operation learning and creativity can perform. Participating in Gardening can give a sense of independents and production. Dr Thinguri R, et al (2008) argued that Participation in activities is the context in which people form friendships, develop skills and competencies, express creativity, achieve mental and physical health, and determine meaning and purpose in life.† ( Dr Thinguri, et al 2008) Contemporary issues The findings from the Second Annual Report (2008) focused on the relationship between incomes and playing sport. It suggested that the recession had a great impact on participation of sport in Ireland. Active Participation in sports fell to 30.8% in 2008, from 32.9% in 2007 due to the lack of resources and funding. In light of this, Funding has been redirected to the focus of the Special Olympics as the economic crash has greatly affected fundraising. Special Olympics Irelandhas been dependant on funding from the government and the public. Due to the stretch of the budgets, between 2008 and 2013 there was a huge cut of 59% in Governmentfunding within the Republic of Ireland thus reaching out more to the public than ever before. Considering the economic status however can be challenge for the public to commit to such benevolent. (ESRI 2009) The range of activities and the adaptations made to facilitate individuals with physical disabilities. Basket ball is widely associated with the Special Olympics. This sport in particular has many benefits for the participant such that it provides opportunities for social interaction and gives way for self-expression. Furthermore it teaches self-discipline and skills that are beneficial for various activities. More importantly it increases level of fitness and health. (Special Olympics 2014) Basketball can be adapted for many people with physical disabilities, for example a person who is a wheel chair user can use the two hand chest pass when shooting, can travel with ball in lap for two pushes of the wheelchair. The person can only dribble twice and then must pass to team player, shoot or take two more pushes of wheelchair. Put all players in wheelchairs so all players are equal in game and make sure all players remain seated though the duration of the game. (Walter, 2008). Basketball can help individuals improve their muscle strength and stamina. It minimises the risk of coronary heart disease. Helps control joint swelling and pain associated with arthritis. It can help reduce blood pressure in some people with hypertension. Furthermore it can minimise the risk of diabetes and colon cancer. (CDC, 2014) Although basketball is beneficial is not cost effective. Transport and a venue can be very costly. Some People with disabilities have free travel but public transport may not be equipped with relevant facilities to meet the needs of individuals. To overcome this issue, there are initiatives in place to help with funding such as the Irish Sports Council (ISC). This initiative can help eliminate costs of private transport and with the use of disability cards, individuals can apply for inexpensive memberships in leisure centres. The Irish wheel chair association (I.W.A) is a non profit organisation who also recognises the important of recreation for people with physical disabilities. They aim to achieve participation in areas such as basket ball and swimming. Swimming is a significant source of fun in collaboration with exercise and can be adapted to the needs of individuals with disabilities. Such that those who have mobility issues and are wheel chair users can attend a facility with slopes if desired. This can help the individual to easily access the water without hoist assistance â€Å"if not necessary† thus empowering independence. Additionally Swimming is a magnificent cardiovascular activity with great benefits to health. By moving limbs inward and outward and by using a kicking motion can improve the functions of the muscles, lungs and circulation of the blood. (Healthy Alberta, 2014) Conclusion In conclusion to this report, the benefits of recreation, sport and leisure has emerged as being significantly important. Health, social and personal benefits are defined as equally important. Although there are many barriers that can affect the participation of people with physical disabilities, it is addressed as mandatory. Based on the literature, the suggestion is that individuals with disabilities want to participate in recreation. However, the level of participation is low for the reasons of barriers outlined. One would suggest that with such high numbers of participants desiring recreation, the standard of services is left un-measured.

How to say no Summary :: essays research papers

Chapter 1- Saying No: The Basics In the first chapter of How to Say No Without Feeling Guilty, the authors present the basics of saying no. But why say no? Many times people are persuaded into doing things they don’t want to do, simply because they can’t find the right words to say no. Another reason why people don’t say no is because they are afraid of what the person will think of them if they say no. I can understand this, because many times I have found myself doing things for people because I couldn’t think of a good excuse to get myself out. After reading the first chapter, I learned the basic techniques to politely saying no. The first one is surprisingly simple—just buy more time. If you can put off your decision to accepting a request from someone, you then have the time to really think about what it will take to satisfy the other person. One of the phrases they suggested was, â€Å"I need to find out if I work first†. As a college student, my work schedule is anyth ing but consistent, so that phrase will be great for me to use. Another suggestion was to say you have a â€Å"policy† against doing something. It’s good because it lets the person know how important it is to do what you need to do. But for me, I don’t think this would be any good, because my friends wouldn’t buy the fact that I have a â€Å"policy†. The prevention technique seemed like it would be a good one. I have a friend who whenever I see, he always wants to go out to a bar and drink. I normally don’t mind, but if I go over to visit him and I’m not in the mood to go out, he will insist that we go anyways. Prevention would be good in this case because if I don’t feel like going out that night, I should probably just avoid this friend entirely. Lying to someone in order not to hurt them, or the face-saving excuse is also a good tactic. If an unattractive girl were to ask me out, I wouldn’t tell her no because I thought she was unattractive. I would probably tell her that I have a lot of work to do for the next couple of months, and I don’t really have time to be going out with her.

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As children, we all have extravagant aspirations of what we want to do in our lives. I too pondered the million dollar question, â€Å"what will I be when I grow up?† Of course, like most young boys, I wanted to be a professional athlete, Hollywood actor, or astronaut. However, after a semester in this psychology class, my eyes have been opened to another possible future career. I have begun to consider a possible career in psychology, particularly counseling. The field of psychology really has peaked my interest and I enjoy it very much. Also, I am a very social creature, a people person, so a field that enables me to help people using the interesting field of psychology, is a prime job for me. Not everyone is cut out for a career in counseling. It is a very rewarding field, but with its fair share of drawbacks. You have to be extremely patient and dedicated to the person seeking your help. As a counselor, you must also be very warm and kind. It demands you to be tremendously gentle and considerate of your client’s feelings. Without making your client feel secure and safe trusting you,...

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Bernadette Roberson 12-04-2013 ENG-105 Jan Wakefield Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD Review Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, otherwise known as ADHD, are more challenging to parent than the average child. An ADHD child may act without thinking as if they have no filter or fidget constantly with an endless fuel supply. At first, these behaviors may be minor annoyances, but now the caretaker’s patience is running out. Furthermore, the child suffers from a short attention span that makes even the most ordinary of tasks hard to accomplish. All parents love their children and want them to succeed. They may think: There must be something other than pills that can help my child with ADHD. In reviewing the website, â€Å"ADDitude, Living Well With Attention Deficit† Larry, S. M.D. (2013) allows the reader to assess and understand ADHD symptoms, treatment resources and improving parenting skills needed for living with ADHD children. It attempts to reach its readers through the use of outlining ADHD resources, free downloads regarding wide range ADHD information, available social networks including ADHD Blogs. The site also includes webcasts produced by various staff for readers to easily access current and up-to-date information in order learn more and parent more efficiently. The design of the website is appealing, although it may seem a bit over-whelming at first glance. Upon review, the design provides little written information regarding the actual purpose of the publication, but does include many easy to navigate hyper-links on various topics that may be very appealing to a person needing specific information on one topic. The website itself is small and concise, approximately two pages, a... ...Video Game 'Addiction' More Likely With Autism, ADHD Study cites poor peer relationships as one reason these kids embrace gaming Health Day News, by Serena Gordon HealthDay Reporter Monday, July 29, 2013 http://health.usnews.com/health-news/news/articles/2013/07/29/video-game-addiction-more-likely-with-autism-adhd Motor control and sequencing of boys with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)during computer game play Houghton, S., Milner, N., West, J., Douglas, G., Lawrence, V., Whiting, K., & ... Durkin, K. (2004). Motor control and sequencing of boys with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) during computer game play. British Journal Of Educational Technology, 35(1), 21-34. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8535.2004.00365.x http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=65433384&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Inventory and Costs

IIM Lucknow, Noida Campus MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING –II Assignment – II, Daniel Dobbins Distillery, Inc (Case Analysis) Submitted By: Rahul Srivastava (WMP08034) Vinay Joshi (WMP08045) ANALYSIS Company History * Founded in 1880 in Oakwoods by Daniel Dobbins. * Major product is Old Trailridge Bourbon Whisky * High quality of whisky due to the unusual iron-free spring water used in the distillation process and the specially prepared fire-charred white oak barrels used in the aging process. * David Dobbins takes over in 1973. * Constant demand over the years High demand surge forecasted due to maturity of Baby boom generation. Manufacturing Process * Ingredients controlled by laws. * Barrels can be used only once * Barrels are made through a patented process * Whisky has to mature for at least 4 years after the process. * Stored in 50 gallon barrels for mellowing in warehouse Maturing or Aging Process * The 50-gallon barrels manufactured under a unique patented process at acos t of more than $60 per barrel. The barrels could not be reused foraging future batches of bourbon whiskey but could be sold to used barrel dealers for $1 each at the end of the aging period. The increased production in 1988 necessitated the leasing of an additional warehouse at an annual rental cost of $200,000. The temperature and humidity of the warehouse space had to be controlled since the quality of the whiskey could be ruined by its aging too fast or too slowly. * A small amount of liquid was removed from representative barrels at this time and sent to the sampling laboratory for quality inspection (usually performed by skilled tasters). If the quality of the whiskey was not up to standard, certain measures were taken, such as adjusting the aging process, to bring it up to standard. At this time, each barrel was also checked for leaks or seepage, and the required repairs were made. * On the average, the volume of liquid in a barrel declined by 30% during the aging period becau se of evaporation and leakage. Thus, a barrel originally filled with 50 gallons of new bourbon would, on the whole, produce only 35 gallons of aged bourbon. * The re-gauging operation was supervised by a government liquor tax agent, since it was at this point that federal excise tax of $21 per gallon was levied on the whiskey removed from the warehouse. In 1987 and 1988, the company sold 30,000 re-gauged barrels of whiskey, equivalent to about 43,000 barrels of original production. Excerpts from Board Meeting * Low prospect of obtaining the $3 million loan needed in light of our 1988loss of $814,000. We have shown annual profits since 1974, and our net sales of $42 million this year are the same as last year, and yet we incurred a net loss for the year. * It may appear that we are becoming less efficient in our production operation. * We increased production by 50% this year, and with this increased production our costs are bound to increase.You can't produce something for nothing. * Production costs must rise when production increases, but our inventory account takes care of the increased costs of deferring these product costs until a future period when the product is actually sold. * COGS did not increase in 1988, since the volume of sales was the same in 1988 as in 1987. The largest share of the increase in production costs has-been deferred until future periods, as you can see by looking at the increase in our inventory account of more than $1 million. The real reason for our loss this year was the large increase in other costs, composed chiefly of warehousing costs. The â€Å"Occupancy Costs† category in our P is really the summation of a group of expense accounts, including building depreciation or rent, heat, light, power, building maintenance, labor and supplies, real estate taxes, and insurance. In addition, warehouse labor cost also rose substantially in 1988. * We increased production, and this also means an increase in warehousing costs, sin ce the increased production has to be aged for several years.You just can't age 50% more whiskey for the same amount of money. * The inventory account can only be charged with those costs associated with the direct production of whiskey, and our warehousing costs are handling or carrying costs, certainly not production costs. * The manufacturing process doesn't stop with the newly produced bourbon; why it isn't even marketable in that form. Aging is an absolutely essential part of the manufacturing process, and I think the cost of barrels and part of the warehouse labor should be treated as direct costs of the product. Warehousing and aging costs are an absolutely essential ingredient of our final product. * Direct costs are those costs that are necessary to convert raw materials into the whiskey that goes into the aging barrels. * This is our cost of approximately $1 per gallon and includes the cost of raw materials going into the product such as grain, yeast, and malt; the direct labor necessary to convert these materials into whiskey; and the cost of any other overhead items that are needed to permit the workers to convert grain into whiskey. The Problem The main issue at Daniel Dobbins Distillery, Inc. s a disagreement among the senior management with regards to the allocation of costs. Specifically, it is a question of whether to include Ageing Costs, Cost of Barrels, and Warehouse Expense as a part of inventory (in which case it will be an asset that belongs to the Balance Sheet) or as a part of Occupancy Costs (which will be listed in the Income Statement). Listing the above mentioned costs as part of the balance sheet will overstate the assets and understate the expenses misleading the actual profitability of the company. Alternatives 1. Leave all accounts as they are. . Transfer Cost of Barrel from Other Costs in the Income Statement to the Balance Sheet as a Contra-Asset that is part of Inventory. Transfer Ageing Costs from the Income Statement to th e Balance Sheet and list it under Long Term Contra-Assets. Break up Warehouse Labor into different temporary accounts that are spread out both on the Income Statement as well as the Balance Sheet. Evaluation of Alternatives Alternative 1: Strengths: This alternative improves the Net Profit figure in the Income Statement by increasing the value of Closing Inventory in the Balance Sheet.Weaknesses: Breaking up Warehouse Labor and accurately allocating the costs across the two financial statements may not be feasible. Opportunities: Choosing this alternative immediately improves its chances of securing the $3,000,000 loan from the bank. Threats: Carrying out this alternative poses the risk of the company getting unfavorable press which may have a negative impact on its reputation. Another threat is that this alternative could be misused by senior management as a way of hiding inefficiencies, bad expenses, overstating retained earnings, and understating expenses.Alternative 2: Logically Inventory costs include all the direct costs involved in the production process till the finished goods (ready for sale). As in this process ageing is an essential part of the manufacturing process, the cost of barrels and warehousing should be treated as direct costs otherwise it will affect the Income Statements for the subsequent years thereby misleading the actual profitability of the company. Other costs involved are: Occupancy Costs: Factory Building (Used for warehousing also) which is rented.Warehouse Labor & supervisor cost. Depreciation: Warehouse Equipment. All these costs will remain in COGS and Costs of Barrel used during the year at$63,00 per barrel will be added to (asset) Inventory and hence closing inventory(Effect in balance Sheet: Closing Inventory value increase) will shoot up and hence Net Profit Figure(in P&L statement) will also improve upon by the same amount. At the end of four years of aging process, barrels are removed and dumped into re-gauging tanks.Hen ce, all these costs will be added to (asset) Inventory and hence closing inventory (Effect in balance Sheet: Closing Inventory value increases) will shoot up and hence Net Profit Figure (in P&L statement) will also improve upon by the same amount. Another issue faced is possible difficulty in obtaining a $3 million loan due to reported loss of $814,000 for the year ended 1988. There is a need of urgency to solve the above matters and loan approval due to urgent need of working capital. The reason for such urgency and loss reporting are as follows: a.Increase in production capability: Daniel Dobbins increased its production capacity by 50% in 1988 to meet the expected increase in demand through 1991 to 1995. The production of whiskey takes 4 yrs before its ready for consumption and hence, the planning has to be done 4 yrs ahead to meet the required demand. b. Additional rent on new Warehouse: The increased production capacity in 1988 necessitated Daniel Dobbins to lease out a new sto rage warehouse at an annual rent of $200,000 which led to a sudden increase in expenses. c. Additional expenses related to warehouse Labor and supervisor.The higher the profit the stronger of company`s chance to get approved for the loan/credit by the Bank hence company should adopt the Accounting procedures stated above i. e. charging all direct costs as well as warehousing and ageing costs to Inventory and hence improving upon the Net Profit figures to increase company chances for loan approval. Few important points to be considered are: * Evaporation: A barrel is originally filled with 50 gallons of new bourbon but after aging only 35 gallons of aged bourbon is left. Cost of raw materials is incurred in producing 15 gallons of bourbon which gets lost due to evaporation.So accounting of this cost should also be considered. * Adjustment of aging process: If aged bourbon is not up to the standard, then each barrel needs to be checked for leaks or proliferated barrels and requires re pairs. Some more details: Because of the market forecast that the demand of straight whiskey will be doubled from 1987 to 1995, the board of Daniel Dobbins Whiskey Inc decided to increase the production of whiskey in 1988 by 50% of the 1987 volume to meet the anticipated increase in consumer demand from 1991 through 1995.The manufacturing process of whiskey can be divided into two stages: Under the first stage which consists of several different steps, raw materials are converted into a clear liquid with a sharp, biting taste. The second stage which is also called ‘Maturing or Aging Process’ involves maturing or aging for a minimum of four years under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. Because of the increase in cost of production in 1988, which will generate revenues only in 1991, the income statement of Daniel Dobbins Inc showed a net loss of $814000 which was a significant change from net profit of $1504000 in 1987.In order to get loan of $3 million from Ridgeview National Bank of Nashville, the point of consideration for COO of Daniel Dobbins Distillery is how to present the financial results of 1988 to the bank. This loan is critical for company to remain solvent. One of the key issues in this case is how to divide the increased costs in 1988 between ‘Inventoriable costs’ and ‘Period costs’. According to the case, while preparing the income statement in 1988, the costs of first stage was included under inventoriable costs and costs of second stage was included under Period costs which resulted in net loss in 1988.Increase in cost of production in second stage can be attributed to following increase in costs under second stage of manufacturing. a) Increased costs due to increase in the number of barrels used for aging. $1260,000 b) Increase in occupancy cost: $332,000 c) Increase in warehousing cost: $146,000 d) Increase in Labor and supplies expense: $30,000 e) Increase in Depreciation expense: $8000 f) Increase in cost of government supervision: $8000Each of the above increase in costs of production in 1988 can be transferred from period costs to inventoriable costs and net profits can be increased for year 1988 e. g. if we just transfer increase in costs due to increase in number of barrels ($1260,000) to balance sheet from income statement, the net profit of year 1988 will become ( $1260,000 – $814,000 = $446,000) but as a result the net profit of subsequent years will go down as the cost of goods sold will be increased in coming years.So the decision to transfer different costs to inventoriable costs which gets included as assets in balance sheet instead of expenses in income statement can be left to management depending upon how much profit it want to report in current as well as subsequent years. Since aging is an absolutely essential part of the manufacturing process and the manufacturing process doesn’t stop after the first stage, Costs of barrels and warehous e labor costs should be included under inventoriable costs. This will increase the profits of the company in 1988 and will also help them in getting the loan

Jungle Love Essay

The novel, â€Å"Jungle love novel†, was written by Margaret Johnson. This story is about two girls, Jennifer and Lisa, who took a trip to Belize and they both were in love with the same attractive man, Ian. Jennifer enjoyed nature and reading while Lisa liked talking too long. In Jennifer’s situation, she had another man, Pete. They planned to get married and then to move to the countryside to enjoy their life. However, she was very confused about their relationship. She loved Pete, but she wasn’t in love with Pete as much as with Ian. About Lisa, she wasn’t contented with what she had. She lived in the boring countryside with her mother but she always dreamed about living in a luxury flat in London. She knew what she wanted – a soul mate and moving to London. The ridiculous thing is they both were loved by Ian. He couldn’t choose whom he liked most because they were both attractive. These two girls began a war. When Jennifer and Lisa finally discovered that Ian was a big liar, they became reconciled and became good friends. The story ended up with Lisa receiving a phone call from her brother that her mother married an old man. Thus Lisa was able to start her new life in London. At the same time Jennifer broke the engagement with Pete. What a dramatic ending! I think Jennifer didn’t know exactly what she wanted and then made the situation worse and more complicated. Nevertheless, Lisa was confident and sure of what she wanted in life that she tried hard to realize it. The main idea is appearances can be deceptive. In my opinion, they shouldn’t trust man who said sweet words. They both were abused by Ian. Don’t judge only by appearances.

Oprah Winfrey Commencement Speech Essay

Oprah’s audience was very receptive of her mainly because she is a respected icon known all over America. The audience was a group of diverse faculty, staff, graduates, family and friends. When Oprah started her speech welcoming the audience, she gave them an icebreaker saying she wanted to let them in on a secret to personalize her speech. She lets the audience know that her god daughter Kirby attends Stanford and she is very proud of her. Oprah uses humor throughout her speech as she says the name â€Å"Stanford† engaging the audience as she speaks. She gives personal experience in her speech to show her audience that she too had experiences throughout college that could have hindered her from being the icon she is today. Oprah uses great eye contact throughout her speech. She did not read word for word what was on her paper because most of her speech was based off her experience as a student in the past at the beginning of the speech. She gave quotes of her father and B.B. King about learning that is beautiful. She lets the graduates know that your education had just started. Her speech lead on to elaborate on how the world has so many lessons to teach. She lets the audience know that earth is like a school and our lives are the classrooms. Life will have detours and road block but the secret to learn to be open to the lessons. Self improvement will help evolve as human beings. Oprah speaks with an inviting tone keeping her audience engaged. Even though the speech is lengthy, Oprah was not repetitive. She explained a few life lessons of her own journey but still gave humor as she spoke about the main lessons of her speech. The audience was still engaged throughout her speech. Oprah was very familiar with her speech content. She spoke as if she was graduating herself and speaking like she would want to be spoken to as a graduate. Oprah’s posture was appropriate and the gestures she uses with her hands and tone of her voice made the speech stand out more towards her audience. The overall tone of the message was exciting, funny and receptive. Oprah’s speech was spoken to relate to those who were not graduates also. She wants  the audience to understand that a degree is important and you can not allow yourself or others to defer you of a goal or dream. The speech Oprah gave was ethical. She realized the majority of her audience was of the white race and she included her own racial experiences in her speech with the stories she shared. Her own experiences made up the entire speech. The graduates seemed like they were listening and understanding the speech based off the feedback they gave after she spoke. There were interactions from the audience when Oprah spoke about how she made it as the icon talk show host. Oprah conveys to her audience to learn that life is more than just making money. You have to earn it and making money has to have meaning. If you do not have meaning in making your money and making a difference to the world then money doesn’t matter. Oprah shows much inspiration in her speech that should make the audience aspire to be like her or even more. Overall, Oprah did a great job catering to the diverse audience with her speech. It did not seem rehearsed, she gave eye contact and her audience seemed engaged in her speech for the 30 minutes I analyzed it. She did a great job and kept me engaged myself.

African American Vernacular Essay

According to the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, the definition of vernacular is â€Å"of, relating to, or being a nonstandard language or dialect of a place, region, or country. † In terms of African American history, the evolution of vernacular is very important and a very unique part of the culture. The African American vernacular has aided the development of a distinct culture in terms of what African Americans were subjected to from the installation of slavery. The African American vernacular was used as a way to expose the atrocities that African Americans were imperiled to through songs and language. â€Å"Go down Moses ,† a spiritual and â€Å"Strange Fruit,† performed by Billie Holiday are two songs that represent the vernacular of African American culture. â€Å"Go down Moses,† was a song that had a Christian religious theme that spoke of the Israelites being enslaved by Pharaoh in Egypt’s land. Spirituals had ambiguous meanings that included a reverence for Christianity and a desire to be free from the bondages of slavery. â€Å"Strange Fruit† was a song originally written as a poem that exposed racism against African American and called for a social change. Although they bear some similarities, the differences between â€Å"Go down Moses† and â€Å"Strange Fruit† include setting, meaning and cultural impact. According to The Norton Anthology of African American Literature by Henry Louis-Gates Jr, Spirituals were a very important part of African American culture during the time of slavery. And still are today, although they are widely known as gospels. Spirituals have a Christian religious theme and are usually performed a cappella with a single melody. (Gates Jr, 2003) African American Spirituals are the predecessor to the blues, gospels, jazz and rap/hip-hop. Spirituals are also referred to as Negro spirituals, Black spirituals, folk songs and jubilees. Spirituals were sung to provide comfort and ease the pain of the harsh daily tasks that slaves were submitted to. They were also seen as an expression of spiritual devotion and a yearning for freedom from the bondages of slavery. (Gates Jr, 2003) They were also a means of releasing pent up emotions and expressing sorrow. More importantly, they served a subversive purpose. Songs like â€Å"Steal away to Jesus,† â€Å"Swing low,† â€Å"Sweet Chariot,† â€Å"Didn’t my Lord Deliver Daniel? † and â€Å"Go down Moses†served a dual purpose during the times of slavery. Spirituals were used as a code between the slaves to aide with the task of attempting to escape slavery or the thought of escaping from bondage. â€Å"Go down Moses† first recorded by Paul Robeson, is a song riddled with ambiguous tones. On the surface, this song tells the story of the Israelites as slaves, which is found in the books of Genesis and Exodus. Moses was called by God to instruct Pharaoh to free the Israelites from the bondages of slavery. â€Å"Go down Moses, way down in Egypt’s land, tell old Pharaoh to let my people go† is one line from the song. African slaves forcefully bought to the Americas were converted to Christianity and although they weren’t taught to read or write, they were taught the teachings of the bible. White slave owners used the stories of the sufferings of the Israelites and the affirmation of â€Å"life after death† which is seen throughout the bible, to justify slavery. (Gates Jr. 2003) In the song, â€Å"Go down Moses,† Pharaoh represented the White Slave owners, Israel represented the African American Slaves and Egypt represented the Americas or the United States. â€Å"Strange Fruit† is a song most famously recorded and performed in 1939 by Billie Holiday. The song was written as a poem by Abel Meerpol, a teacher. According to The Norton Anthology of African American Literature, the poem exposed racism in the United States. It shed light on the lynching of African American men in the South. Lynching’s occurred in other regions of the United States, but mainly in the South. â€Å"Strange Fruit† is commonly known as a song of social change. As mentioned before, this poem helped to expose racism in the U. S. During this time, many people were fighting for the civil rights of African American that had been stymied by institutionalized racism. Jim Crow laws of the South are an example of institutionalized racism. Jim Crow laws limited the civil rights of African American and deemed them second class citizens. Even during the days of slavery, there were many efforts made that helped to expose the atrocities that occurred against African Americans. This included photographs and written works such as books and newspaper articles. During the early 20th century, racism against African Americans was exposed via songs that called for a change of societal practices and views. â€Å"Southern trees bear a strange fruit, blood on the leaves and blood at the root, black bodies swinging in the southern breeze†¦Ã¢â‚¬  are some of the lyrics of the song â€Å"Strange Fruit. † â€Å"Here is fruit for the crows to pluck, for the rain togather, for the wind to suck, for the sun to rot, for the trees to drop, here is a strange and bitter crop† are more lyrics to the same song. Imagining a black body swinging from a tree, it can be viewed as a strange fruit or a bitter crop. Hearing the song performed, makes the lyrics and the meaning more ominous. As mentioned before, Billie Holiday recorded the song in 1939 but almost 25 years later, Nina Simone also recorded the song. Concerning the sub-genre social change music, there are many songs written and performed that exposes the way of life for African Americans. This includes â€Å"The Revolution will not be televised† recorded by Gil Scott-Heron in 1970 and â€Å"The Message† recorded by Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five in 1982. Both these songs are considered important to the evolution of African American vernacular because just like â€Å"Strange Fruit† it exposed the racism, prejudices and discrimination that African Americans were subjected to and how it affected their lives. Both the songs â€Å"Go down Moses† and â€Å"Strange Fruit† have an abundance of differences as was mentioned. However they differ in setting or time, meaning and cultural impact. Spirituals were originally sung during the times of slavery, during the 18th and 19th century. They were seen as a reverence to the Christian religion while at the same time, they were also seen as a yearning for freedom from the bondages of slavery. Spirituals developed into gospel songs which are a main staple of the black church in the United States. â€Å"Strange Fruit† was written, recorded and performed during the 19th century. And although slavery had been abolished for maybe 80 years, African Americans still dealt with prejudices, racism and discrimination. These social change songs were developed to expose those prejudices. The lyrics of â€Å"Strange Fruit† mention the â€Å"black bodies swinging†¦ from the poplar trees. † Unlike spirituals, social change had no ambiguous meaning. It meant to directly display the ugliness of what was going on at the time. One more similarity that should be mentioned which highlight the uniqueness concerning African American vernacular in the way in which both these songs were sung. The tone in which Paul Robeson performs â€Å"Go down Moses’ is similar to the way Billie Holiday and Nina Simone performed â€Å"Strange Fruit. † You can see, hear, and feel the soul, essence, pain, and significance of both songs when they were performed. That sense of soul is the one unique component of African American vernacular that sets us apart from all the others.

Barriers to Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Barriers to Critical Thinking - Essay Example Meaning, it deprives individuals of an opportunity of making their own independent decisions. Instead, it compels them to conform to certain behaviors and standards accepted by the family. Unfortunately, this happens even if not the best approach to adopt is. For example, a family might require all its members to abide by certain traditions and practices that do not necessarily suit all its members (Elder & Richard, 2006). In this situation, everyone would have to behave and think in a certain manner regardless of its relevance, and objectivity thus ending up making decisions without critically thinking about them. So, family can be a great obstacle to critical thinking because it does not allow everyone to make their individual decisions based on their reflection, reason and understanding. As the saying goes, â€Å"When everyone thinks alike, no one thinks very much† (Cederblom & Paulsen, 2006). Group-centered thinking is not objective as it is promptly don e without creating enough time to think and deliberate over the issue of concern. To prevent such a problem, I would have to be autonomous in my thoughts and decisions. On the other hand, critical thinking can be harmed by emotions. Once a person is overwhelmed by emotional distress, one can not make a rational decision because it does not provide a conducive environment to do so. Emotional feelings such as stress can result into prejudice, stereotypes, arrogance and intolerance. All these can prevent a person from making a critical and objective decision as this needs to be done when one is in a sober and relaxed condition (Hendricks, 2005). For example, when a person is seriously distressed, he can not get an ample opportunity to sit down, reason, reflect and make proper decisions. Instead, they will be acting under pressure to hurriedly make a decision without thinking about it. Personally, when faced with such a situation, I

Management (the evolution of management) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management (the evolution of management) - Essay Example The Changes that has been made to these management practices are discussed. According to Weber, Bureaucracies are governed by a set of impersonal rules and procedures that are applied universally, without regard to the personal characteristics of particular individuals, and rationally designed to serve some broader purpose. For Weber, the use of expert specialists, impersonal norms, written document, and the discipline of a command hierarchy give bureaucratic organizations a reliability, regularity, and precision in the execution of tasks that no other form of authority equals. In a bureaucracy, each member repeatedly executes a particular function according to pre specified standards in the service of a larger collective goal. Fayol contributed to the technical understanding of organizational structure in several ways. He recommended that no subordinate receive orders from more than one superior, as this will lead to confusion, disorder, and ill will when the directives of different supervisors conflict. Fayol made the first strong arguments for the use of organization charts to clarify lines of authority and communication and to demarcate areas of responsibility. Taylor recognized an important fact about all organizations: If one works alone, the problem of work discipline is only one of self-discipline; but in a cooperative or collective work process, there is a problem of control or how to ensure that other people will do what you want them to do, sometimes known as the principal-agency problem. Taylor was determined to eliminate restriction of output and break all worker resistance to management control of work methods and pace. Taylor saw his mission as recapturing knowledge and control of the production process from the workers for management by using the scientific method. He interviewed and observed workers, conducted controlled experiments to determine the most efficient techniques and maximum output levels, and devised detailed work rules and wage incentives to enforce those methods and production targets. In order to gather the necessary information, Taylor had workers perform their jobs using different methods, and he observed and timed their every movement in detail, a procedure known as time and motion study. In this fashion, Taylor determined what he thought was the one best way a job should be performed. Until this time, engineers had standardized only physical inputs; now they would standardize the human inputs. Workers would work in rigid conformity to the prescribed method and would be expected to meet the output quotas that were determined to be feasible under this system. To use a contemporary phrase, Taylor believed that people worked "smarter not harder" when they used the best methods devised by scientific management. - (Handel, pp 14) Establishing a division of labor and hierarchy of authority Weber's Bureaucracies employ technically qualified, full-time experts assigned to unique areas of responsibility in a logical division of labor. There is a hierarchy of superiors and subordinates, and access to positions is based on

Pervasive Computing Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Pervasive Computing Case Study - Essay Example Furthermore, it also allows telecommuters to combine their work from home with other forms of teleworking. It is the result of a better access to high speed internet connections, an improved ability to concentrate and a better balance between work and family according to The International Telework Association & Council (ITAC)3. As seen on the extract of Anne Fisher's article, there is a real debate on the advantages and drawbacks of teleworking. We will try to define these two sides of that type of work from two points of views: the teleworker himself and the managers of a teleworking team. In the first question of our essay we have seen some of the benefits of telecommuting. Teleworkers can define their own schedule which can include working before or after regular office hours, they achieve to balance their personal life with their work better than they used to and they show an increased concentration and therefore a higher productivity. The Midwest Institute for Telecommuting Education announces that home workers present an increase of 3 to 25% in productivity4. Nevertheless Paul Dickerson's story is a perfect example of the drawbacks of teleworking. As he was working from home, people started to believe that he was unemployed and avoided him. Even if the share of teleworkers in the total volume of workers is increasing, it has not completely reached a social recognition and people that are working from home could be considered as unemployed or lazy. However it appears, in Dickerson's case that he has now a different problem. As his friends are now aware of how he organizes a day of work, they believe that he has a lot of free time. Working from home requires an important organization. On one hand it is much more flexible and you can combine several activities at the same time, but on the other hand you have to show a strong discipline in order to accomplish your tasks and reach your objectives. The managers and the businesses can also face some difficulties when dealing with teleworking. Joseph Cothrel first describes us the lack of non-verbal communication in teleworking. He explains that when you receive an email from a teleworkers you don't have any tone of voice or meaningful pauses which according to him can convey crucial information. One of the main issues of teleworking is presented here. The communication can be difficult because you are not directly in contact with the worker. All the elements of body language are missing and ultimately this can delay the work. Instead of a direct explanation, you will need several emails to correctly define the work which has to be done and the managers will not have any awareness of the worker's feelings regarding their request. Christina Parr raises another danger. The in-office workers can wrongly consider the teleworkers, they may believe they are not working at all. We are again faced with the social notion of work which is attending work in an office from 9a.m. to 5p.m. However Parr and J. Scott Calhoun present their teleworkers as accountable and reachable and the speech that Calhoun gives to his in-office workers is more than

House of cards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

House of cards - Essay Example House of cards is a politically inclined drama television series. Judging by the first episode, the series will be full of manipulation, pragmatism, and twists. This piece is a very elaborate and engaging channel to introduce management principles to neophytes. At random, the average person may deduce management to be the study of managing people. This entails keeping good relationships within an organization: studying people, what makes them tick and what makes them laugh, all in the effort to make them go into the direction you want them to go. After watching one episode, one may realize that while all these elements are present, these are not all there is to management. Management is the art of managing people. It is essential to understand the people in the organization. It is crucial to understand what makes them work and what does not. Identifying these elements enable you to delve deeper into the person, granting you the ability to utilize people to their maximum potential. Frank Underwood is seen to associate and group himself with people who share the same interests: with Zoe Barnes, a vigilant and truth-seeking journalist, and with Catherine Durant, an anti-Walker politician who has her own tricks. These relationships will enable him to achieve his goal, since he has aligned goals with these persons. It is crucial to note that while people have aligned goals at the moment, it may not be so eventually.It is also essential to not only understand, but to establish your relationship with the people in the organization. Doing so grants you knowledge on how you can handle them.

Entrance to High school should not be automatic Essay

Entrance to High school should not be automatic - Essay Example It is in High School where teenagers begin shaping their minds with a clear focus of what they want to be in life. Students experience more independence as seen in their choice of elective subjects. High School plays a key role in shaping Self-esteem and Self-Efficacy, which are indispensable skills in the search and attainment of opportunities in the society (Iversen, J. 2006). However, not all students enrolled for High School become a success. There are innumerable cases of gangster groups formed in High School. A study also shows that most narcotics users began practicing the same while in High School and moreover, the number of High School dropouts keeps increasing daily. Jago (2000) ascribes the enrollment of ill-equipped and lazy students as the main cause of failure and indiscipline among high school students. Most 9th graders soon find themselves in a new, dynamic environment. If the elementary program did not prepare them for the environment, catching up is a race against t ime. Many of those who cannot measure up for this â€Å"play the fool and cover up for what they do not know.† However, it is also true that most of these students develop laziness after they join high school and not before it. A student who comes from a background of strict observation will relent from his duties in the absence of the observer. Again, most private schools base their enrollment on a competitive application and interview process, leaving the applicants to wait nervously for an opportunity in these schools. This means that the school administration is aware of both the weaknesses and strengths of their young students before they join the school. It also implies that private schools enroll a group of students who can learn and grow sufficiently in them. This is not so in Public Schools, where one only needs to have the grades to qualify for the school. However, Automatic enrollment in High Schools brings about a diversity of behavioral patterns, making the schoo ls more dynamic and challenging than private schools. Automatic admission also means that the chances of a student attending his school of choice are 1 out of 12. The process of admission requires that an applicant identifies 12 schools, and the schools' board selects the most suitable school for them. The criteria for selecting the school range from geographical location to the capacity for specialized programs (Jago, 2000). The implication of these is a roaming mindset that there is no need to work hard in elementary school since a place is assured, no matter what. Hence, to enroll the appropriate in every school, we may consider introducing a more intensive selection process. Jago (2000) also identifies students who are genuinely not interested in High School. She states that their lack of interest in high school education contributes significantly to the D's and F's observed throughout their 4 years. She proposes an alternative 2 year program where these students join apprentice ship before High School. In such a scenario, those interested in High School will work hard to qualify while those not interested will find an alternative program, instead of going through the four years as failures. Reflecting on this debate, a decisive response to several questions can be drawn accordingly. 1. The arguments against â€Å"Automatic Enrollment to High School† are inexhaustible thus; this is the explanation many